Nestled in the heart of the historic Panier district, the Vieille Charité is much more than just an old building. Constructed in the 17th century, this imposing architectural edifice tells the story of Marseille, from its darkest chapters to its most inspiring. Today, this place is a vibrant cultural center, bringing together fascinating museums, research institutions, and captivating exhibitions. Discover why this site remains essential for anyone wishing to explore the soul of the Phocean city.
A historic building serving the needy
In 1622, the Council of Marseille decided to house the most destitute, in accordance with royal edicts aimed at confining beggars. The city then chose a strategic location near the cathedral of La Major, and it was Pierre Puget, a renowned architect from Marseille, who was put in charge of the design. Although work began in 1671, Pierre Puget would not have the chance to see his project completed, as he died in 1694. Construction continued under the direction of his son, François Puget, and was completed in 1745.
The baroque architecture of the building, made of pink and white stones from the quarries of the Couronne, reflects a typical style of the time. Four monumental wings rise around an inner courtyard, dominated by a central chapel topped with an elliptical dome. A unique setting that commands respect and serenity, despite a past marked by rigid living conditions for its residents.
The “suppression of the poor”
Originally, the Vieille Charité was intended as a place of social repression. The “Chasse-gueux” hunted down beggars to confine them here, except for those who were not originally from the city, who were simply expelled. Living conditions were harsh, and residents were often forced into hard labor. The children, for their part, were sent as apprentices in various trades. At its peak in 1760, over 1,000 people were confined within its walls, but with changing mindsets, this number has continued to decrease over the years.
A refuge, a historic monument, and a resurrection
In the 19th century, the Vieille Charité then became a shelter for the needy and the elderly before being left abandoned in the early 20th century. The place temporarily housed evacuated families during the wars, and it was not until 1951 that the Vieille Charité was finally classified as a Historic Monument. With the support of André Malraux, then Minister of Culture, funding was allocated for its restoration starting in 1968. Thanks to this colossal project, the buildings regained their former splendor, and in 1986, the site was reborn as a cultural and museographic center.
The Vieille Charité today: a vibrant cultural center
Today, the Vieille Charité is a must-visit for art and culture enthusiasts. The Mediterranean archaeology museum immerses you in the history of ancient civilizations, showcasing collections of Egyptian, Greek, and Roman antiquities. On the upper floor, the museum of African, Oceanian, and Native American art displays works from three continents, offering a true journey through the cultures of the world.
Research and poetry institutions
In addition to the museums, the Vieille Charité houses research centers, particularly in social sciences, and the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS) offers master’s training there. The International Poetry Center Marseille (CipM), for its part, adds an artistic dimension by promoting contemporary poetry, hosting public readings and literary events.
Visiting the Vieille Charité: a unique experience
With its temporary exhibitions, bookstores, and unique atmosphere, the Vieille Charité is a place for cultural encounters par excellence. Whether you are passionate about history, an art lover, or simply curious, a visit here will offer you a glimpse into the richness of Marseille, its traditions, and its multicultural heritage. It is a place that embodies the evolution of the city while remaining resolutely focused on the future.