The Palais de la Bourse, an architectural emblem of Marseille, is located at number 9 on la Canebière, just a stone’s throw from the Vieux-Port. This neoclassical building, headquarters of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry Marseille-Provence, embodies the flourishing history of Marseille’s trade since its inauguration in 1860 by Napoleon III. Let’s discover together the fascinating secrets and anecdotes of this monument that bears witness to the city’s economic and cultural evolution.
The Palais de la Bourse, a neoclassical edifice steeped in history
A construction during the Second Empire
The Chamber of Commerce of Marseille, previously located at the Town Hall, moved to the Palais de la Bourse to meet the growing needs of trade in the 19th century. In 1852, construction began, marked by challenges such as the clayey ground that complicated the foundations. Ultimately, it was in 1860 that the grand inauguration took place, under the watchful eyes of Napoleon III and Empress Eugénie, blessed by the Bishop of Marseille, Monseigneur Eugène de Mazenod.
An impressive façade, rich in symbols
The architecture of the Palais de la Bourse is a tribute to the great themes of trade and exploration. Its façade is adorned with ten imposing columns with Corinthian capitals, and its five doors symbolize key sectors: Industry, Marine, Trade, Sciences, and Agriculture. The names of famous explorers like La Pérouse, Columbus, Magellan, and Vespuce are proudly inscribed, while the statues of ancient explorers Euthymenes and Pythéas stand guard at the ends of the building.
A recent facelift has revived the shine of the façade, utilizing a hydro-sanding method that combines air, water, and granulate to preserve details while avoiding dust. At night, the Palais lights up, creating an enchanting spectacle for passersby.
A dive into the artistic riches of the interior
A grand hall
While the exterior of the Palais is impressive, its interior does not leave one indifferent. The vast hall of 1,120 m² is surrounded by monumental arcades on two levels, offering an immersive experience to visitors. On the walls, you will find the names of the regions of the world that have had trade relations with France. The marble floor, adorned with geometric patterns, and the central dome illuminated by a skylight enhance this grand atmosphere.
Frescoes retracing the history of Marseille
As you look up at the dome, you will discover ten sculpted panels that recount the great moments of Marseille: its foundation, the departure of the Crusades, and the union of Provence with France. Every architectural detail reminds us of the cultural and historical significance of the city.
The Palais, a witness to significant events
A barometer, a relic of a bygone era
An unusual object stands on the gallery of the first floor: a barometer, supposedly to replace a decapitated statue of Napoleon III. After the defeat at Sedan in 1870, the angry Marseillais are said to have decapitated the statue and paraded the head around the city to express their discontent.
The site of a royal assassination
On October 9, 1934, the Palais de la Bourse became the scene of a historical drama: the assassination of King Alexander I of Yugoslavia and the French minister Louis Barthou. This tragic event, immortalized in the memories, marks a turning point in the history of the building.
A fire during World War II
The Palais suffered damage in August 1944, when German bombings caused a devastating fire. The fire destroyed the archives, and the ceilings of the honor room were heavily damaged. The clock on the façade, marked by history, retains the scars of that time.
The Palais today: a place of culture and knowledge
Today, the Palais de la Bourse houses the Museum of the Navy and Economy and continues to serve as a Chamber of Commerce. The ground floor, accessible to the public, includes a library and regularly hosts exhibitions, seminars, and cultural events. During the European Heritage Days, the public can explore the premises and discover the Historical Archives, open to researchers since 1913.
Practical information for your visit
- Address: 9, La Canebière, Marseille
- Access: Metro Vieux-Port
- Opening hours: Vary according to events and exhibitions
- Rates: Free entry for certain parts, especially during the European Heritage Days
With its impressive architecture, rich past, and current role, the Palais de la Bourse is a must-see for anyone wishing to dive into the history of Marseille while admiring one of its most beautiful buildings.