Discover the history and hidden treasures of the Canebière, the emblematic artery of Marseille, once a prosperous hemp field and now a symbol of culture, commerce, and pleasure!
From a hemp field to a prosperous port
Originally, the Canebière was just a hemp field, or “Plan Fourmiguier,” cultivated for the ropes of Marseille’s boats. This hemp was used for ship ropes, an essential element for maritime ports in the 10th century. In the 13th century, Charles II, Count of Provence, decided to create shipyards, and it is here, on the Canebière, that the city of Marseille begins to prosper.
In the 17th century, Louis XIV expanded the shipyards, giving birth to the Arsenal des Galères. This transformation marked the beginning of the Canebière as the central district of the city, destined to become a must-visit place for commerce and industry. It was not until 1671 that the name “Cannebière” (at that time written with two “n”) began to be used, and the first houses appeared.
The birth of an avenue, between trees and markets
Around 1727, trees, markets, and even a pillory adorned the Canebière, reflecting a village atmosphere in the heart of Marseille. The Arsenal gradually fell into disuse in the 18th century, and the Canebière then stretched to the Old Port, taking root in the daily life of the Marseillais. Tall buildings emerged, markets settled in, and the neighborhood became a key point of the city.
Elegance and refinement under the Third Republic
The Third Republic marked the golden age of the Canebière, which then became a symbol of elegance and high society. This is where you can find chic hotels, trendy cafés, and renowned entertainment venues like the Odéon and the Capitole. Fairs and markets flourished, offering local specialties like garlic and tarraillettes, and the street became a popular promenade.
The Beauvau hotel, located at no. 4 of the street, is a luxurious hotel with a view of the Old Port that has hosted personalities such as Lamartine and George Sand. The Palais de la Bourse was built in 1854, hosting the Chamber of Commerce and the merchants of Marseille, which multiplied in the region.
An architecture and hotels full of history
As early as 1868, The Church of the Reformed established itself in the Marseille landscape, while the Noailles Hotel, designed by architect Bérengier, became a gem of late 19th-century architecture. Prestigious hotels like The Hotel du Louvre and de la Paix, with its four caryatids, adorn the Canebière. This avenue also became the site of the famous Santon Fair since 1883, still celebrated today during the Christmas festivities.
Modern Canebière: Tramway and cultural heritage
Since 2007, the Canebière is served by a modern tramway, facilitating transport in the city. The tramway runs along the Canebière and serves key locations like les Caillols, Gare de Noailles, and Place Castellane.
Culture, cinema, and performances on the Canebière
Over time, the Canebière has established itself as a cultural and artistic center of Marseille. Cinemas like Cinéac, Pathé, and Capitole have marked the history of entertainment in Marseille. Even though the UGC Capitole cinema, which was one of the largest and most modern in France, closed in 2007, a new cinema complex is expected to open soon, offering a modern cultural space with several cinemas and dining venues.
The theaters have also marked the history of the Canebière. The Odéon Theatre and The Gymnase Theatre, hosting legendary artists like Jacques Brel or Charles Aznavour, are must-visit places for culture lovers. Today, The Municipal Theatre of Marseille presents operettas and plays, offering a program that combines tradition and modernity.
Iconic cultural and literary places
Finally, the Canebière also offers literary places rich in history. The Maupetit Bookstore, located at no. 142, is the oldest bookstore in Marseille and offers thousands of books over more than 850 m². It is a place for meetings and debates, perfect for book enthusiasts.
A little further, the Cultural Space (at no. 42) and the City of Associations (at no. 93) are places where Marseillais come to learn about shows and local events. For the curious, the Regional House, at no. 61, organizes conferences and free events.
A gourmet break on the Canebière
Don’t leave the Canebière without stopping by its many cafés and restaurants! From Torréfaction Noailles at no. 56, for freshly ground coffee, to La Cure Gourmande at no. 19 for artisanal chocolates and candies, lovers of treats will not be disappointed. For a tasty meal, visit Chez Toinou, specializing in seafood. And for an authentic Italian experience, try a pizza at Chez Noël, near the Church of the Reformed.
The Canebière, a journey through the history and culture of Marseille
The Canebière perfectly embodies the spirit of Marseille, with its industrial roots, iconic places, and unique atmosphere. Whether you are a culture enthusiast, a food lover, or simply curious to discover the history of the city, this avenue promises you an unforgettable dive into the authenticity of Marseille.
